Balls and Urns Problems

Problem Statement#

The Question#

You'll encounter balls-and-urns problems at virtually every top quant shop. The setup is deceptively simple: distribute balls into urns, then answer questions about the resulting configuration. The core problem we'll anchor this lesson to is:

Interview question: You throw $n$ distinguishable balls uniformly at random into $n$ urns, with each ball independently choosing an ur...